lacZ reporter assays and EMSA results indicated that FleQ and RpoN directly upregulate the expression of several flagellar genes. Specific locations of the FleQ binding sites were determined by DNase I footprinting. Functionality of the FleQ binding site in the flhA promoter region was confirmed by site-directed mutagenesis, EMSA, and lacZ reporter fusion assay.
Regulated genes for each binding site are displayed below. Gene regulation diagrams show binding sites, positively-regulated genes, negatively-regulated genes, both positively and negatively regulated genes, genes with unspecified type of regulation. For each indvidual site, experimental techniques used to determine the site are also given.
Site sequence | Regulated genes | Gene diagram | Experimental techniques | TF function | TF type |
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